This is a common problem in athletes. Sinus tarsi syndrome generally occurs in two situations that are almost opposite to each other. One is that the structures in the sinus tarsi can be damaged during an inversion ankle sprain. Often this problem goes undetected until some of the original ankle sprain settles. The other condition is an excessively flat or pronated foot that pushes the subtalar joint to its end range of motion and compresses the tissues in the sinus tarsi. In both cases there can be a feeling of instability and pain is generally palpated over the sinus tarsi on the lateral side of the ankle joint.
Treatment is mostly done with physical therapy in both situations. Foot orthotics are generally needed if the causes is a flat pronated foot. Occasionally a series of steroid injections into the sinus tarsi will be helpful.
For the latest on sinus tarsi syndrome, see Podiatry Arena:
What actually hurts in sinus tarsi syndrome
Foot orthotics for sinus tarsi syndrome
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